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Today's Tech Tip Tuesday is focused on the SAMR model. Designed by Dr. Ruben Puentedura, the model helps educators design, develop, and incorporate educational technology into learning experiences. SAMR stands for Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition. Below is an image of the model. Notice how each area either falls in Enhancement or Transformation.  I think it is important to note that there is no "bad" area of this model. Meaning, all teachers will fall somewhere in one of these four areas at any time, depending on the lesson. Remember, we always consider TPACK when planning our lessons. That means considering what we want to teach and how we want to teach it before deciding if (and how) technology will support the learning. Consider SAMR as a ladder: How can you get from enhancing learning to transforming learning in your classroom? Some lessons are appropriate at the Substitution and Augmentation level, but many lessons can rise above the line to become transformative learning experiences for your students. Consider how you use texts in your classes. If a student uses an e-Book instead of a physical textbook that is considered Substitution. Now consider how you can move up the ladder. How about if students use an e-Reader with apps that allow annotations and highlighting? That would be considered Augmentation. Now let's take it a little further. Right now the student is working in isolation, but what if she could communicate with others about her reading? Using technology to allow communication about the text would be considered Modification. Finally, allowing your students to analyze the reading in a blog or continue the conversation over Twitter would be considered Redefinition. Now you got it! There are a number of questions you can ask yourself to move up the SAMR ladder. If you want to go from Substitution to Augmentation, ask yourself what ways can you make the lesson more engaging with technology? If you want to move to Modification, ask yourself are there ways to give more control to the learner and/or ways to make the learning more authentic to the learner? Finally, if you want to move to Redefinition ask yourself what would you do in your ideal teaching world if you had no limits? How can you transform the learning with your students? SAMR helps educators design learning tasks that have significant impact on student outcomes. Kathy Schrock extended this thinking by making connections to the updated Bloom's Taxonomy as seen in the image below.  Not only should we design learning that targets higher-order thinking skills as seen in Bloom's Taxonomy, but we need to design learning that also has an impact on student outcomes. Therein lies the connection between Bloom's and SAMR, and they go hand-in-hand. We are already designing learning that builds on the levels of Bloom's; now we can use SAMR to also consider learning outcomes. Not only that, but both help guide the successful and effective introduction and continuing use of educational technology in learning. Want to learn more about these connections? Here is Dr. Puentedura's take on the topic, and here are Kathy Schrock's ideas on the topic. Want to learn more or see great SAMR examples? Check out the links below. 8 Examples of Transforming Lessons with SAMR SAMR Flowchart SAMR Through the Lens of 21st Century Skills Assessing Yourself in Using SAMR and Transforming Learning (Rubric) SAMR Model Explained By Students How are you using SAMR? Leave a comment to join the discussion.  The semester is starting to wind down for many of us, and we are ready for a much-needed break. However, as is typical for most educators, we're always thinking about the next big thing on the horizon. For most of us, that means the spring semester. This week's Tech Tip Tuesday is a short one and meant to inspire your thinking as you take your break. Check out this list of tools to get inspired. While we never plan with the tool in mind first, of course, this can still start re-energizing you for the next semester ahead.
Have ideas to include in the list? Feel free to leave a comment below. And be sure to check back regularly as the list is updated. We all want to find different ways to get our students to reflect on their learning. One way to do this is to have students do a quickwrite. You can use this type of assignment as a weekly, in-class exercise, or you can ask students to do this in preparation for class. The quickwrite is designed to encourage students to reflect on the week's content and revisit their notes to review what they learned. It is a way to ask questions about course concepts without having to do a review in class. Quickwrite also helps the instructor to identify areas of review; for instance, if many students mention they are still confused about a concept, the instructor can follow up with review immediately instead of waiting to see students miss certain content questions on the exam.
Here are five questions you can use in a quickwrite assignment, though feel free to create your own as well:
When giving instructions about the quickwrite, be sure to point out that students should focus on the content information and not the operation of the course (i.e., grading). Also point out students should write in complete sentences and answer each question thoroughly. While they may not have an answer for question #2 (great!), they should definitely have answers for the other questions. You can assign points to each question as a graded assignment, or you could leave it open as a participation and process grade. Choose whatever method makes the most sense for your course and your students. The quickwrite never needs to be a high stakes exercise; instead, it should be a way to ask students to reflect on their learning and give you information on what content needs to be reviewed. The quickwrite can be done on paper, or you can ask your students to do the quickwrite digitally (it all depends on your objectives, but be sure to consider TPACK!). If you choose to go the digital route, you can give students options to complete the assignment. Below are some great tools that your students can use to complete the quickwrite and easily share with you in a digital format:
For more writing ideas, check out this list of writing tools! Want to share how you use quickwrites with your students, please leave a comment below! Happy writing! Whether you are a new teacher in the classroom or a veteran teacher with a lot of knowledge and experience, everyone has their own level of expertise when it comes to using educational technology in the classroom. There is a misconception that newer teachers must have better understanding of technology because they have used it most of their lives. They are often referred to as "digital natives." That perception is not always accurate. In fact, my experience working with teachers shows that while new teachers may have used technology most of their lives, they do not necessarily know how to leverage that tech use in the classroom. Using educational technology is a whole different practice when it comes to the classroom and working with students. Here are a few tips for all teachers when using educational technology:
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Designer Information
Julie K. Marsh is a long-time educator, a PhD candidate at The College of William and Mary focusing on curriculum and educational technology, and the Coordinator for Distance Education and Instructional Design at Bon Secours Memorial College of Nursing in Richmond, Virginia. Her current research interests include Design Thinking, Community of Inquiry, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), creativity in the classroom, open sourced educational resources, and participatory culture.
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